The Labour Market Czech Republic: What Will Be the Character of Job Vacancies in the Nearest Future?

When our children will grow up they will work in jobs which at present do not exist and we do not know how to call them.

During the next few years the labour market will completely change. The change will be so fast that education will not be able to react to it adequately. All the same this is nothing special, development is in progress during the entire history of mankind and only now we are beginning to be more conscious of it than ever before.

Replacement of human labour with machines is accompanying mankind all the time. Basic modernization is in progress in agriculture, public services – telephone operators are replaced by automatic exchanges, in department stores we are served by cash dispensers instead of cashiers, at airports we check-in ourselves, in hotels instead of a desk clerk there is a check-in and check-out dispenser. Robots perform reviews of papers. A robot has even written a paper which was published in a high-impact journal. What is going on at a stock exchange is commented by a PC programme. An internet browser scans our email communication and subsequently presents unwanted customized commercials.

The brain will not be overpowered

Robots can even be associates. Even if they learn well, are able to predict and to decide on the basis of experience and express analyses, they will never surpass the creativity of the brain. Only we have to be well prepared and consistently adapt ourselves to it.

The Slovak professor Ján Košturiak states that: ˝Although internet is marvellous, the most complicated and largest network is in our brain˝. The great changes which are taking place around us are not only based on technology and economy but also have a social, environmental, spiritual and moral ground.

Everything has its time

Every discovery and innovation needs the right time and optimum environment for its establishing and successful growth. Now we are at the beginning of a period of the utilization of information and automation technologies.

The Englishman Charles Babbage invented the first computer already in 1937 but mankind had to wait a hundred years before it was possible to replace the function of complicated and slow mechanical components with electronic ones. He invented the basic principles of the function of a mechanical machine for dealing with complicated computational procedures.

3D printing called stereolithography (SLA) was patented already in 1984 and today we can observe its breakthrough in industrial applications. Professor Michio Kaku describes experiments from the Mayo Clinic (USA), where patients by means of signals detected from their brains by ECOG sensors are able to write letters which they think of.

Present research is focused on issues which would enable people to write words and draw patterns by their ˝minds˝. By means of special braingate chips experts are already today able to link the brain of man with a robot and to transmit signals from the brain to control robotic limbs or to a cursor on a computer.

Disruptive Technologies

What we are talking about are so-called ˝Disruptive technologies˝ which create new values for customers, transform business and rapidly bury old entrepreneurial fields, firms and jobs. Voice control is at present well developed, robots can via a camera recognize even the mood of a person and react to it. They can also recognize the direction a person is looking and analyze his gestures and mimic. In this way appliances will be created which will work similarly as personal assistants.

In all of them and in a number of other trends lies the secret of the future and its effect on the creation of new job opportunities. We have to prepare ourselves for the coming trends and to react to them, namely in the field of education, in time.

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